Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV), a respiratory virus, has been identified in an eight-month-old child in Bengaluru, raising concerns among health authorities. While the case remains unconfirmed, the suspected infection has been reported to the health department by a private hospital. This development has highlighted the virus’ potential risks, especially to vulnerable groups such as children, the elderly, and individuals with weakened immune systems.
What is HMPV?
HMPV is a respiratory virus typically causing mild to moderate flu-like symptoms, such as cough, fever, sore throat, runny nose, and in some cases, wheezing or shortness of breath. The virus is most prevalent during the winter and early spring months and spreads through close contact with infected individuals or contaminated surfaces.
Though it shares similarities with other respiratory viruses like Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV), measles, and mumps, HMPV does not have a specific vaccine or antiviral treatment. In most cases, people recover with rest and hydration, but severe cases, especially in infants or elderly individuals, may require hospitalization and supportive care such as oxygen therapy.
Symptoms of HMPV
Common symptoms include:
- Cough
- Runny or stuffy nose
- Sore throat
- Fever
In more severe cases, HMPV can lead to:
- Wheezing
- Difficulty breathing
- Hoarseness
- Pneumonia
- Aggravation of asthma in adults
Vulnerable groups, particularly children under one year old, the elderly, and individuals with weak immune systems, are at higher risk of experiencing severe respiratory conditions.
Who is at Risk?
While anyone can contract HMPV, children under five, the elderly, and people with compromised immune systems are at greater risk. Around 5-16% of cases in young children can develop into lower respiratory infections like pneumonia. Health officials are advising high-risk individuals to take precautions during the peak winter and spring months when HMPV is most common.
Though the detection of the suspected case in Bengaluru has raised alarms, health officials have assured that further lab tests are needed for confirmation. As of now, there is no immediate cause for panic, but it is crucial to stay informed and take preventive measures, especially for those more vulnerable to respiratory illnesses.
