The long-running conflict between Israel and Hamas is taking a significant step toward a resolution with the approval of a ceasefire deal, marking the first phase of a proposed truce that is set to last for 42 days. This deal, which aims to bring an end to the war that began with Hamas’ surprise attack on Israel in October 2023, was approved by Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s cabinet after extensive negotiations. The deal comes as a hopeful pause in the 15-month conflict and will begin on Sunday, January 19, 2025.
First Phase: Hostage and Prisoner Releases
The first phase of the ceasefire agreement will see the release of 33 hostages held by Hamas in Gaza. According to Qatari Prime Minister Sheikh Mohammed bin Abdulrahman bin Jassim Al-Thani, the hostages include civilian women, female recruits, children, the elderly, and those who are ill or wounded. The first group of hostages, including three Israeli women soldiers, is expected to be released on the evening of Sunday, January 19. However, Hamas refers to all Israeli citizens of military age as soldiers.
In exchange for the hostages, Israel has agreed to release 737 prisoners, including men, women, and children, during the initial phase. Israel’s justice ministry confirmed this release, though it noted that no prisoners would be freed before 4 pm local time on Sunday.
Ceasefire and Buffer Zones
In an effort to facilitate the safe exchange of hostages and prisoners, Israeli forces will temporarily withdraw from Gaza’s densely populated areas. However, this does not equate to a full withdrawal. Israeli troops will remain stationed in certain areas within Gaza, particularly in a buffer zone extending up to 800 meters inside the region, from Rafah in the south to Beit Hanun in the north. This zone will remain under Israeli control during the first phase of the ceasefire.
The deal also includes provisions for displaced Palestinians to return home. They will be able to cross through an electronic checkpoint with cameras, but their return will be restricted to areas where Israeli troops are not present. This limited withdrawal aims to ensure the safety of the returning individuals while maintaining a defensive posture along the Gaza border.
Rescue and Humanitarian Efforts
The hostages will be released at three key points: Kerem Shalom and Erez, two border crossings, and Reim, situated east of Gaza. These locations will be equipped with medical professionals, including doctors and mental health specialists, who will examine the hostages before they are transported to hospitals in Israel via helicopter or vehicle. The release process is designed to ensure the well-being of those who have been held in captivity for an extended period.
Second and Third Phases of the Ceasefire
As per the agreement, discussions for the second phase of the ceasefire are scheduled to begin after 16 days of the first phase. This second phase aims to secure a permanent resolution to the conflict, with the possibility of releasing additional hostages and the complete withdrawal of Israeli forces from Gaza. According to outgoing US President Joe Biden, this phase will bring a “permanent end to the war” and involve the release of all remaining hostages.
Mediators and Monitoring of the Ceasefire
The ceasefire agreement has been facilitated by key international mediators, including Qatar, Egypt, and the United States. The deal will be closely monitored by a body based in Cairo, ensuring that both sides comply with the terms laid out in the agreement. The negotiators hope that this will be the final chapter of the conflict, with all parties committed to maintaining peace.
Conclusion
The Israel-Hamas ceasefire deal marks a crucial moment in the ongoing conflict. While it brings temporary relief and the promise of a return to peace, the success of the agreement will depend on the cooperation of both sides in the coming weeks. As Israel withdraws forces from select areas and hostages are exchanged, the world watches closely to see if this first phase can pave the way for a more lasting and comprehensive peace settlement.
