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5 Shocking Developments in the Pahalgam Terror Attack: Tourists Targeted

Aryapriya Singh
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5 Shocking Developments in the Pahalgam Terror Attack: Tourists Targeted

Security Forces on High Alert

The tranquil tourist destination of Pahalgam in Jammu and Kashmir’s Anantnag district was violently disrupted on Tuesday, April 22, 2025, when unidentified terrorists launched a brazen attack on a group of tourists in the Baisaran valley, a scenic spot often called “mini Switzerland” for its lush meadows and panoramic views. The gunmen, reportedly emerging from the dense pine forests, opened fire on the unsuspecting visitors around 2:30 pm, resulting in at least one confirmed death and over a dozen injuries, some of them critical.

Heart-wrenching scenes unfolded as survivors pleaded for help, with a woman recounting how her husband was shot in the head, while others lay bleeding on the ground. The immediate aftermath saw chaos and panic, with tourists frantically searching for their loved ones and security forces rushing to the scene to evacuate the injured and cordon off the area for a massive search operation.

The gravity of the attack was underscored by the swift and high-level government response. Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who was in Saudi Arabia at the time, was promptly briefed by Union Home Minister Amit Shah. Modi expressed deep anguish and unequivocally condemned the attack, instructing Shah to take all necessary measures and personally visit the site to oversee the situation.

Amit Shah, after holding an urgent video conference with top officials from the Ministry of Home Affairs, Intelligence Bureau, and Jammu and Kashmir Police, announced his immediate departure for Srinagar to chair a security review meeting. Both leaders assured the nation that the perpetrators of this “dastardly act” would face the harshest consequences, emphasizing that the government’s resolve to fight terrorism remains unshaken.

The attack has sent shockwaves across the country, provoking outrage and sorrow from leaders and citizens alike. Jammu and Kashmir’s Chief Minister Omar Abdullah described the incident as an abomination, noting that it was the largest attack on civilians in the region in recent years and expressing his deepest sympathies to the victims’ families.

The timing of the attack, at the onset of the tourism season and ahead of the Amarnath Yatra, has heightened concerns about security in the region, threatening the fragile sense of normalcy and economic revival driven by tourism. As security forces intensify their hunt for the assailants and the government pledges justice for the victims, there is a renewed call for unity and resilience in the face of terror, with assurances that the evil designs of those behind the attack will not succeed in destabilizing the region or the nation.

JK Pahalgam Terror Attack Today Live News Updates: Jammu and Kashmir Pahalgam Terrorist Attack Latest News | Several tourists Injured

Terror Attack Details: Tourists Ambushed at Scenic Baisaran Meadows

The attack occurred in the afternoon at the Baisaran forest area, a picturesque meadow in Pahalgam often dubbed “mini-Switzerland,” approximately 85 kilometers from Srinagar. Unidentified terrorists opened fire on a group of tourists visiting the resort area, reportedly firing for about 3 to 5 minutes before fleeing the scene. Initial reports confirm that one tourist was killed and between 12 to 20 others were injured, some seriously.

The terrain of Baisaran, accessible only by foot or horseback, complicated immediate rescue efforts. Local residents aided by transporting some injured tourists on ponies to medical facilities, while security forces deployed helicopters for evacuation. The injured were admitted to the district hospital in Pahalgam, with doctors reporting stable conditions for most patients.

The aftermath of the Pahalgam terror attack saw immediate and visible changes in the region’s atmosphere. Tourist vehicles were quickly evacuated from Pahalgam as authorities prioritized the safety of visitors in the wake of the shooting. Security forces, including the Army and Jammu and Kashmir Police, rapidly cordoned off the Baisaran meadow area—an isolated tourist spot accessible only by foot or pony—to conduct search operations for the perpetrators.

The visuals from the scene were harrowing, with bloodied victims lying on the ground and distressed family members pleading for help. Local residents played a crucial role in the rescue efforts, using ponies to transport the injured down the difficult terrain, while a helicopter was also deployed for emergency evacuation.

Security Forces Launch Massive Search and Anti-Terror Operations

Following the attack, a joint operation was launched involving the Indian Army’s Victor Force, Special Forces, Jammu and Kashmir Police’s Special Operations Group (SoG), and the CRPF 116 Battalion. These forces have cordoned off the area and are conducting extensive search operations to track down the assailants. The Army has not ruled out the possibility that the attack was a targeted killing.

Lieutenant Governor Manoj Sinha expressed strong condemnation of the attack and assured that those responsible would be brought to justice. He confirmed that immediate medical attention was being provided to the injured and that security forces were actively pursuing the terrorists.Eyewitness accounts from survivors painted a chilling picture of the attack’s brutality. One woman, whose husband was among the victims, recounted how the group was simply enjoying snacks when the gunmen, reportedly dressed in fatigues, approached and opened fire at close range.

According to her, the assailant targeted her husband after asking about his religion, highlighting the calculated nature of the violence. The Resistance Front (TRF), an offshoot of the Pakistan-based Lashkar-e-Taiba, claimed responsibility for the attack. The incident has drawn sharp condemnation from across the political spectrum, with leaders such as Defence Minister Rajnath Singh and PDP chief Mehbooba Mufti denouncing the act as cowardly and inhuman.1 tourist killed, 12 injured in J&K's Pahalgam, Lashkar front TRF claims attack

Government Response: PM Modi and Amit Shah Take Swift Action

Prime Minister Narendra Modi, currently on a visit to Saudi Arabia, held a telephonic conversation with Union Home Minister Amit Shah shortly after the attack. Modi expressed deep concern and directed Shah to take all suitable measures, including a personal visit to the site to review the security situation. Shah, in turn, vowed to come down heavily on the perpetrators, promising the harshest consequences for those involved in this “dastardly act of terror”.

Amit Shah convened an urgent meeting with security officials via video conferencing and announced his departure for Srinagar to hold a comprehensive security review. Both leaders emphasized that the government’s resolve to fight terrorism remains unshaken and that the safety of tourists and citizens is paramount.

This attack comes at a time when Jammu and Kashmir was witnessing a revival in tourism, with record numbers of visitors flocking to the valley following years of relative calm and improved security. The incident is particularly significant as it marks the first major attack on tourists in the region in recent years, threatening to derail the fragile progress towards peace and normalcy.

The timing, just ahead of the Amarnath Yatra and during the bustling spring tourist season, has raised concerns about renewed attempts to destabilize the region. Both Prime Minister Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah have vowed that those behind the attack will face the harshest consequences, reaffirming the government’s commitment to combating terrorism and ensuring the safety of all citizens and visitors in Jammu and Kashmir

National Leaders and Public Figures Condemn the Attack

The attack drew widespread condemnation from political leaders and public figures across India. President Droupadi Murmu described the incident as “utterly appalling and unpardonable,” extending condolences to the families of the deceased and prayers for the injured.

Union Defence Minister Rajnath Singh called the attack an “act of cowardice,” while Jammu and Kashmir Chief Minister Omar Abdullah expressed shock and grief, labeling the perpetrators as “animals” and assuring oversight of hospital arrangements for the injured.

Opposition leaders like Rahul Gandhi condemned the attack, urging the government to take accountability and implement concrete measures to prevent such incidents in the future. AIMIM President Asaduddin Owaisi also called for the strictest punishment for the perpetrators.

BJP leader Ravinder Raina blamed Pakistani terrorists for the attack, highlighting the ongoing threat posed by cross-border terrorism in the region and reaffirming the commitment of Indian security forces to protect innocent civilians.Pahalgam attack live updates: Amit Shah speaks to PM Modi, leaves for Srinagar | Hindustan Times

Impact on Tourism and Security in Jammu and Kashmir

In the wake of the Pahalgam terror attack, security forces across Jammu and Kashmir have been placed on the highest state of alert, with directives to intensify vigilance and enhance preventive measures to safeguard both residents and tourists. Checkpoints and patrols have been significantly increased in and around key tourist destinations, including Pahalgam, Gulmarg, and Srinagar, with special focus on vulnerable entry and exit points. The Indian Army, paramilitary forces, and Jammu and Kashmir Police are coordinating closely to conduct regular combing operations, intelligence gathering, and rapid response drills to preempt any further threats.

Additionally, security protocols for tourist convoys have been tightened, with increased escort and surveillance to ensure safe passage through sensitive areas. Local administration has also ramped up awareness campaigns, urging citizens and visitors to report any suspicious activity immediately, fostering a community-based approach to security.

The central and state governments have unequivocally reaffirmed their commitment to restoring and maintaining peace and security in Jammu and Kashmir. Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Home Minister Amit Shah have both emphasized that terrorism will never be allowed to derail the region’s development or harm its people’s aspirations for peace and prosperity. In a statement, the government highlighted ongoing efforts to strengthen intelligence networks and improve coordination among various security agencies to swiftly neutralize terror threats.

Moreover, there is a renewed focus on socio-economic initiatives aimed at empowering local communities, thereby addressing some of the root causes of unrest. The government’s message is clear: while the attack is a grave tragedy, it will only strengthen India’s resolve to ensure that Jammu and Kashmir remains a safe, welcoming destination for tourists and a peaceful home for its residents.

Follow: Press Information Bureau

Also Read: Shocking ONGC Factory Fire in Domjur: 7 Key Events, Public Reactions & Aftermath Explained

4 Powerful Highlights: HDFC Bank’s Strong Q4 Results Ignite Stock Surge

Aryapriya Singh
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4 Powerful Highlights: HDFC Bank’s Strong Q4 Results Ignite Stock Surge

HDFC Bank, India’s largest private sector lender, has delivered a robust performance in the fourth quarter of FY25, sending its stock prices soaring to new all-time highs. The bank reported a net profit of ₹17,616 crore, marking a 6.7% year-on-year growth and a 5.3% sequential increase.

This strong quarterly showing was driven by healthy loan growth, stable net interest margins, and improved asset quality, reassuring investors and analysts alike. Following the earnings announcement, HDFC Bank’s share price jumped over 2% at the opening bell on April 21, 2025, touching ₹1,950 on the BSE, before stabilizing around ₹1,927.20 by midday. This article delves into the key financial metrics behind this surge, the market’s reaction, and what the results mean for the bank’s future trajectory.

HDFC Bank Q4 Performance: Strong Profit Growth and Healthy Loan Expansion

HDFC Bank’s Q4FY25 earnings showcased solid financial health with a net profit of ₹17,616 crore, reflecting a 6.7% increase compared to the same quarter last year. This growth was supported by a 10.3% year-on-year rise in net interest income (NII), which reached ₹32,070 crore, underscoring the bank’s ability to generate income from its core lending activities. The net interest margin (NIM) stood at 3.54% on total assets and 3.73% on interest-earning assets, highlighting stable profitability despite challenging macroeconomic conditions.

Loan growth was a standout feature of HDFC Bank’s Q4 FY25 performance, reflecting the bank’s strategic focus on balanced expansion and prudent risk management. As of March 31, 2025, advances under management climbed to ₹27.73 lakh crore, marking a robust 7.7% year-on-year and 3.3% sequential increase. This growth was broad-based, with retail loans rising 9% year-on-year and commercial and rural banking loans surging 12.8% over the same period. Such momentum in these segments underscores sustained demand from both individual consumers and small businesses, which has been a key driver for the bank’s overall loan book expansion.

The granular breakdown of the loan mix reveals that retail advances stood at ₹13,758 crore, up 9% year-on-year, while commercial and rural banking advances reached ₹9,050 crore, up 12.8%. However, corporate and other wholesale loans saw a modest decline of 3.6%, reflecting a cautious approach in the large corporate segment amid evolving market conditions. This deliberate shift towards retail and commercial lending aligns with the bank’s strategy to prioritize quality growth and diversify risk, especially as retail and rural segments typically offer higher yields and more stable asset quality.

A key highlight was the improvement in the bank’s credit-deposit (C/D) ratio, which declined to 96% from a peak of 110% following the HDFC-HDFC Bank merger. This reduction signals enhanced liquidity and a more conservative lending approach, allowing the bank to manage funding costs effectively and strengthen its balance sheet. Management has reiterated its commitment to maintaining a healthy C/D ratio, aiming for a further reduction to the pre-merger range of 85–90 by FY27. This disciplined stance is expected to support sustainable growth while safeguarding against liquidity pressures.

Analysts have lauded HDFC Bank’s focus on quality over quantity, noting that the bank is not chasing loan volumes at the expense of margins or asset quality. The combination of strong loan growth in high-yielding segments, improved liquidity metrics, and stable credit quality places HDFC Bank in a favorable position to capture future opportunities in India’s expanding credit market. This approach not only reassures investors about the bank’s long-term prospects but also reinforces its reputation as a benchmark for stability and growth in the Indian banking sector.HDFC Bank Q4 Results: Profit, NII beat estimates, final dividend at ₹22 per share - CNBC TV18

Asset Quality and Capital Strength: A Pillar of Confidence

HDFC Bank’s asset quality showed encouraging signs of improvement in Q4FY25. The gross non-performing assets (GNPA) ratio declined sequentially to 1.33% from 1.42% in the previous quarter, though it remained slightly higher than the 1.24% recorded a year ago. Net NPAs stood at a low 0.43% of net advances, reflecting effective provisioning and recovery efforts. The bank’s cost-to-income ratio improved to 39.8%, indicating efficient cost management alongside revenue growth.

HDFC Bank’s capital adequacy remained robust in Q4 FY25, with the Capital Adequacy Ratio (CAR) standing at a strong 19.6% as of March 31, 2025, comfortably above the regulatory minimum requirements set by the Basel III framework. This healthy capital buffer is a critical indicator of the bank’s financial strength and its ability to absorb potential losses, thereby safeguarding depositors’ interests and maintaining overall systemic stability. The Common Equity Tier 1 (CET1) ratio, which represents the highest quality capital, was reported at 17.2%, further underscoring the bank’s solid capital foundation. These metrics highlight HDFC Bank’s prudent capital management and its preparedness to support future lending growth without compromising financial resilience.

The strong capital position is particularly significant given the bank’s expanding balance sheet, which grew to ₹39.10 lakh crore by the end of March 2025, up from ₹36.17 lakh crore a year earlier. This growth reflects increased lending and deposit mobilization activities, necessitating a strong capital base to meet regulatory norms and cushion against credit risks. Market participants and analysts have viewed these capital adequacy figures as a positive signal, reinforcing confidence in HDFC Bank’s risk management framework amid evolving economic conditions and potential headwinds in the banking sector. The bank’s ability to maintain such a high CAR and CET1 ratio while growing its assets demonstrates disciplined financial stewardship.

Moreover, HDFC Bank’s capital adequacy ratios provide it with the flexibility to pursue growth opportunities, including expanding its loan book and investing in technology and infrastructure, without the immediate need to raise additional capital. This financial strength also positions the bank well to withstand macroeconomic uncertainties and regulatory changes. The bank’s management has consistently emphasized maintaining a healthy capital buffer as a cornerstone of its strategy, which has contributed to its reputation as one of India’s most stable and well-managed private sector banks.

In summary, HDFC Bank’s capital adequacy metrics for Q4 FY25 not only reflect compliance with regulatory standards but also signify the bank’s robust financial health and strategic foresight. These strengths underpin the bank’s capacity to sustain growth, manage risks effectively, and deliver consistent value to shareholders and customers alike in a dynamic economic environment.

HDFC Bank’s strong capital position is further complemented by impressive growth in its deposit base and consistent profitability, reinforcing its financial stability and capacity for future expansion. As of March 31, 2025, the bank’s average deposits surged by 15.8% year-on-year to ₹25.28 lakh crore, with end-of-period deposits rising 14.1% to ₹27.14 lakh crore. The growth was not only robust on a yearly basis but also sequentially, with deposits increasing by ₹1.51 lakh crore (5.9%) quarter-on-quarter. Notably, the current account and savings account (CASA) deposits grew by 3.9% year-on-year, and time deposits saw a significant 20.3% rise, resulting in CASA deposits comprising 34.8% of total deposits.

This healthy deposit mobilization, coupled with a net interest margin (NIM) of 3.54% on total assets and a cost-to-income ratio of 39.8%, underscores HDFC Bank’s operational efficiency and profitability. Return on assets (RoA) stood at 1.9%, and return on equity (RoE) was 14.4% for the quarter, while earnings per share (EPS) reached ₹24.6, all of which signal strong value creation for shareholders and a solid foundation for future growth.HDFC Bank shares set for rally? Q4 results strong; here are revised price targets - HDFC Bank shares set for rally? Q4 results strong; here are revised price targets BusinessToday

Market Reaction and Analyst Outlook: Bullish Sentiment Prevails

The market responded enthusiastically to HDFC Bank’s Q4 results, with the stock price rallying over 2% to hit a record ₹1,950 at the opening on April 21, 2025. Although the share price moderated slightly by midday, it remained firmly above previous levels, reflecting sustained investor optimism. Over the past year, HDFC Bank’s shares have gained 27%, and the stock has delivered a remarkable 110% return over five years, cementing its status as a blue-chip favorite.

Brokerages maintained a bullish outlook on HDFC Bank following its robust Q4 results, with several leading firms raising their target prices and highlighting the bank’s operational strengths. Emkay Global Financial Services increased its target price by 5% to ₹2,200, attributing this upward revision to HDFC Bank’s better-than-expected credit growth and stable core margins. Nuvama Institutional Equities echoed this optimism, revising its target price to ₹2,195 and emphasizing the bank’s strong performance on core net interest margin (NIM) and lower quarterly slippages, both of which point to effective risk management and profitability.

Motilal Oswal Financial Services underscored the bank’s healthy business growth, particularly noting the strategic reduction in the credit-deposit ratio, which enhances liquidity and positions the bank for sustainable expansion. CLSA described the quarter as “decent,” highlighting promising trends in both loan growth and asset quality, which are critical for long-term investor confidence.

However, not all brokerages were unequivocally positive. Lakshmishree Investment advised a degree of caution, suggesting that the stock appeared overextended after its recent rally and recommending partial profit booking to capitalize on near-term gains. This nuanced view reflects a recognition of the bank’s strong fundamentals while acknowledging the potential for short-term volatility after a sharp rise in share prices.

Overall, the consensus among analysts is that HDFC Bank’s disciplined approach to growth, focus on core profitability, and improving asset quality continue to make it a preferred pick in the Indian banking sector, even as some recommend a tactical approach to booking profits in the near term.

Strategic Implications and Future Outlook: Positioned for Sustainable Growth

HDFC Bank’s Q4FY25 results not only reflect a strong quarter but also signal a positive outlook for the coming fiscal year. The bank’s management expressed confidence in India’s macroeconomic environment, especially following the Reserve Bank of India’s recent rate cuts and shift to an accommodative stance. This policy easing is expected to support credit growth and improve borrowing costs, benefiting HDFC Bank’s lending franchise.

The merger with HDFC Limited, completed in FY24, continues to influence the bank’s financial profile, particularly in terms of deposit mobilization and cost of borrowing. The bank’s ability to manage these integration challenges while maintaining profitability and asset quality will be critical going forward. Analysts expect continued improvement in return ratios driven by net interest margin expansion and operational leverage gains.

In summary, HDFC Bank’s robust Q4 performance, combined with a healthy balance sheet and positive market sentiment, positions it well to capitalize on India’s growing credit demand. Investors and stakeholders can look forward to sustained value creation as the bank navigates the evolving financial landscape with strategic prudence and operational excellence.

Follow: HDFC Website

Also Read: Stunning Milestones: Lucy Guo, 30, Triumphs as Youngest Self-Made Female Billionaire

Stunning Milestones: Lucy Guo, 30, Triumphs as Youngest Self-Made Female Billionaire

Aryapriya Singh
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Stunning Milestones: Lucy Guo, 30, Triumphs as Youngest Self-Made Female Billionaire

Lucy Guo’s meteoric ascent to billionaire status at just 30 years old is rewriting the narrative of tech entrepreneurship and self-made success. Born to Chinese immigrant parents in Fremont, California, Guo’s journey began with a fascination for coding in middle school—a passion that would propel her through the ranks of Silicon Valley’s elite. After a brief stint at Carnegie Mellon University, she boldly dropped out to join the Thiel Fellowship, a prestigious program that encourages young visionaries to pursue entrepreneurial ventures over traditional academics. This risk-taking spirit, combined with relentless curiosity and determination, set the stage for her future breakthroughs in the world of technology and business.

Guo’s defining achievement came with the co-founding of Scale AI in 2016, alongside Alexandr Wang. Specializing in data annotation for artificial intelligence, Scale AI quickly became a foundational player in the AI industry, powering innovations for clients like OpenAI and the U.S. government. Even after stepping away from the company in 2018, Guo retained a significant equity stake—now worth nearly $1.2 billion after Scale AI’s valuation soared to $25 billion.

Her entrepreneurial journey didn’t stop there: she launched Backend Capital, a venture fund supporting disruptive startups, and Passes, a digital content platform that empowers creators and has already attracted high-profile users and major funding. Guo’s story, marked by resilience, adaptability, and a willingness to challenge conventions, resonates deeply in India’s dynamic startup ecosystem, offering inspiration and practical lessons for the next generation of innovators and dreamers.

From coder to $1.25 bn: Scale AI co-founder Lucy Guo snatches youngest female billionaire title from Taylor Swift - From coder to $1.25 bn: Scale AI co founder Lucy Guo snatches youngest

Lucy Guo’s Journey: From Middle School Coder to Billion-Dollar Visionary

Lucy Guo’s journey is rooted in a childhood defined by curiosity, resilience, and a willingness to defy convention. Born to Chinese immigrant parents in the San Francisco Bay Area, Guo was raised in an environment that valued academic achievement and discipline. Her parents, both electrical engineers, encouraged her to excel in school, but Guo’s entrepreneurial spirit surfaced early. She began coding in middle school, quickly mastering programming languages and exploring the vast possibilities of the internet.

By her teenage years, she was already monetizing her skills—developing bots for online games like Neopets and selling in-game assets for profit, as well as running small ventures like selling stationery and Pokémon cards to classmates. This early exposure to both technology and business laid the foundation for her future as a tech innovator and entrepreneur.

Despite her parents’ reservations about the challenges women face in the tech industry, Guo’s passion for technology only intensified. She enrolled at Carnegie Mellon University, a renowned institution for computer science, where she immersed herself in hackathons and startup culture. Guo’s rebellious streak and desire for independence led her to drop out after being selected for the prestigious Thiel Fellowship—a program that grants $100,000 to young visionaries to pursue entrepreneurial projects instead of completing their degrees.

This bold decision was not just about breaking academic tradition; it was a calculated risk that positioned her at the heart of Silicon Valley’s innovation ecosystem, where she quickly gained experience through internships and product design roles at leading companies like Facebook, Quora, and Snapchat.

In 2016, at just 21 years old, Guo co-founded Scale AI with Alexandr Wang, a friend she met at Quora. Scale AI was conceived to address a critical bottleneck in artificial intelligence: the need for vast amounts of high-quality labeled data to train machine learning models. The startup’s platform revolutionized data annotation, making it possible for companies and organizations—including the U.S. federal government and OpenAI—to accelerate the development of advanced AI systems.

Scale AI’s rapid success was a testament to Guo’s technical acumen and her ability to identify and solve complex, real-world problems. Although Guo left the company in 2018 due to differences in vision and management style, she retained nearly 5% equity—a strategic move that would prove pivotal as Scale AI’s valuation soared in the years that followed.

Guo’s stake in Scale AI, now valued at approximately $1.2 billion after the company reached a $25 billion valuation in 2025, has cemented her status as one of the world’s youngest self-made billionaires. Her journey is not just a story of financial success but also of perseverance, adaptability, and an unwavering commitment to innovation. Guo’s achievements serve as an inspiration to young entrepreneurs globally, particularly in India’s dynamic startup landscape, where her story resonates with those who dare to challenge convention, take risks, and pursue their visions with relentless determination.Scale AI Raises $1 Billion Series F to Push The Frontier of AI Data – Intel Capital

Scale AI’s Explosive Growth and Its Role in Guo’s Billionaire Status

Scale AI’s valuation has soared by an impressive 80% in less than a year, climbing from $13.8 billion to a potential $25 billion as the company rides the wave of explosive global demand for artificial intelligence technologies. This meteoric rise is anchored in Scale AI’s pivotal role as a provider of high-quality labeled data—often described as supplying the “picks and shovels” essential for the AI gold rush—enabling the training of advanced machine learning models that power everything from large language models to autonomous vehicles. The company’s client roster includes leading organizations such as OpenAI, Microsoft, Meta, and the U.S. Department of Defense, underscoring its status as critical infrastructure in the rapidly expanding AI ecosystem.

Amid this surge, Scale AI is concluding a tender offer that allows early employees and investors to sell their shares, providing liquidity in a market where startups are taking longer to go public or be acquired. This move has spotlighted the substantial wealth of co-founder Lucy Guo, who retained nearly 5% equity after leaving the company—an ownership stake now worth approximately $1.2 billion.

Guo’s strategic decision to hold onto her shares after her departure exemplifies remarkable foresight and patience, qualities that have paid off handsomely as the company’s fortunes soared. Her net worth, bolstered by investments in ventures like Passes—a digital subscription platform for content creators—now stands at an estimated $1.25 billion, placing her among only six self-made female billionaires under 40 globally, and uniquely, the only one whose wealth is primarily tied to a company she no longer actively manages.

The tender offer, which is being privately extended to major investors such as Founders Fund, Greenoaks Capital, and Coatue Management, reflects the robust demand for exposure to AI infrastructure leaders. Scale AI’s business model—providing essential data annotation services for AI development—has become increasingly valuable as the AI software market itself is projected to reach $118.6 billion in 2025.

The company’s revenue trajectory mirrors its valuation surge: Scale AI generated about $870 million in 2024, with an annualized run rate of $1.5 billion by year-end, and expects to more than double sales to $2 billion in 2025. This rapid growth not only highlights the company’s market dominance but also signals the broader trend of private investment flooding into foundational AI infrastructure, even as public markets remain volatile.

After Lucy Guo Left Scale AI, She Has the 'Itch to Build' Again - Business InsiderBeyond Scale AI: Guo’s Entrepreneurial Spirit and New Ventures

Lucy Guo’s entrepreneurial journey after Scale AI is a testament to her relentless drive to innovate and her keen eye for emerging opportunities in the tech world. Not content with resting on her laurels after co-founding one of the world’s most valuable AI startups, Guo launched Backend Capital in 2019—a venture capital firm dedicated to funding promising engineers and early-stage startups. As General Partner, she leveraged her extensive Silicon Valley network and experience to nurture the next generation of innovators, investing in companies at the seed and pre-seed stages.

Backend Capital’s mission is clear: to empower technical founders and support groundbreaking ideas, with investments ranging from $100,000 to $10 million and a current fund size of $72 million. Through Backend Capital, Guo has backed startups like Sieve, Creative Intell, and MainStreet, further cementing her reputation as a forward-thinking investor who understands both the technical and business sides of startup growth.

In 2022, Guo took on a new challenge by launching Passes, a subscription-based content monetization platform designed to empower creators in the digital economy. As CEO and President, she built Passes to compete with established platforms like Patreon and OnlyFans, but with a creator-first approach: Passes allows content creators to keep 90% of their earnings from subscriptions, live streams, and fan messaging.

This model quickly attracted high-profile creators, including NBA legend Shaquille O’Neal and gymnast Olivia Dunne, and helped Passes secure a valuation of $150 million backed by $50 million in funding. The platform’s suite of features—ranging from live streaming to paid DMs and one-on-one calls—caters to the evolving needs of digital creators seeking deeper engagement and sustainable income streams.

Despite its rapid growth, Passes has not been without controversy. The company recently faced a class-action lawsuit alleging misuse of the platform, but Guo and her team have categorically denied any wrongdoing. They have emphasized their commitment to user safety and transparency, including taking proactive measures such as removing underage accounts and enhancing content moderation. Guo’s handling of these challenges demonstrates her resilience and ethical focus as a founder, reinforcing her credibility in an industry where trust and safety are paramount.

Guo’s ability to pivot from artificial intelligence to the creator economy showcases her versatility and strategic vision as an entrepreneur. By identifying and capitalizing on new digital trends, she has solidified her status as a visionary leader who is not afraid to break new ground. Her journey from Scale AI to Backend Capital and Passes provides a blueprint for aspiring founders: embrace change, leverage your network, and always put innovation and user empowerment at the heart of your ventures.

Lessons from Lucy Guo’s Rise: Inspiration for India’s Aspiring Entrepreneurs

Lucy Guo’s story offers several powerful lessons for India’s vibrant startup community. First, her path underscores the value of taking calculated risks—dropping out of college to pursue entrepreneurship is a bold step that requires confidence and conviction. Second, Guo’s adherence to the FIRE (Financial Independence, Retire Early) movement principles, emphasizing frugality and smart money management, highlights the importance of financial discipline in building lasting wealth.

Moreover, Guo’s emphasis on building strong networks—“Your network is your net worth”—resonates with India’s growing ecosystem of incubators, accelerators, and venture capital firms. Her journey also illustrates the importance of retaining equity and long-term vision, as demonstrated by her decision to hold onto Scale AI shares despite leaving the company. Finally, Guo’s pivot to new sectors like the creator economy reflects the need for adaptability and continuous innovation in today’s fast-evolving markets.

For Indian entrepreneurs, especially women, Lucy Guo’s ascent is a beacon of possibility, showing that with talent, perseverance, and strategic insight, it is possible to break barriers and achieve unprecedented success on the global stage.

Follow: Scale Ai Website

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5 Bold Truths Why ‘Kesari Chapter 2’ Ignites an Emotional Firestorm Across India

Aryapriya Singh
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5 Bold Truths Why ‘Kesari Chapter 2’ Ignites an Emotional Firestorm Across India

In an era where historical narratives are being retold through modern lenses, “Kesari Chapter 2: The Untold Story of Jallianwala Bagh” has struck a powerful emotional chord with the Indian audience. Released on April 18, 2025, to coincide with the 106th anniversary of the Jallianwala Bagh massacre, this 135-minute courtroom drama blends national sentiment with riveting legal confrontations.

Directed by Karan Singh Tyagi, the film serves as a spiritual sequel to the 2019 hit Kesari, and is based on the groundbreaking book The Case That Shook the Empire by Raghu and Pushpa Palat. With Akshay Kumar leading a brilliant cast including R. Madhavan, Regina Cassandra, and Ananya Panday, the movie isn’t just a cinematic spectacle — it’s a wake-up call.

Let’s dive deep into what makes this film such a polarizing and historic triumph.

Kesari Chapter 2 Review: Akshay Kumar Brings C Nair's ...

Courage in the Courtroom: A Forgotten Hero Resurfaces

Justice C. Sankaran Nair stands as a remarkable yet often overlooked figure in India’s freedom movement, whose principled defiance of the British Raj after the 1919 Jallianwala Bagh massacre set him apart from his contemporaries. Born in Kerala and serving as the President of the Indian National Congress in 1897, Nair was a reformer and visionary who championed social justice and self-governance for Indians. His defining act came in the wake of the Jallianwala Bagh tragedy, where British troops under General Dyer fired upon unarmed civilians in Amritsar, sparking nationwide outrage.

As a member of the Viceroy’s Executive Council, Nair chose to resign in protest—a rare and courageous move for an Indian official of his stature at the time. This act of conscience reverberated across the country, lifting press censorship in Punjab, ending martial law, and prompting the formation of the Hunter Commission to investigate the massacre.

The film’s narrative centers on the pivotal moment when Nair, refusing to be silenced, published his book Gandhi and Anarchy, in which he directly blamed Michael O’Dwyer, the former Lieutenant Governor of Punjab, for the massacre. O’Dwyer responded by filing a defamation lawsuit against Nair in London’s Court of King’s Bench in 1924, resulting in one of the most high-profile civil trials of the era. The trial, lasting over five weeks, saw Nair pitted against a hostile English jury and a biased judge, yet he steadfastly refused to apologize or retract his statements, even when offered leniency.

Although the verdict went against him—with Nair ordered to pay £500 in damages and court costs—his moral victory was undeniable. The case exposed the prejudices of the British legal system, drew international attention to colonial atrocities in India, and galvanized nationalist sentiment back home. Nair’s unwavering stand, even in defeat, inspired countless Indians and underscored the power of intellect and moral clarity against imperial might.

The significance of Nair’s courtroom rebellion lies in its demonstration of resistance through legal and intellectual means, rather than armed struggle. By taking the British Empire to court on its own soil, Nair transformed the Jallianwala Bagh massacre from a suppressed colonial atrocity into a global cause célèbre, forcing the world to confront the realities of British rule in India.

His refusal to compromise his principles, despite personal and professional cost, set a precedent for future generations of Indian leaders and reformers. The renewed attention to his legacy—through films like Kesari Chapter 2 and recent tributes by national leaders—serves as a reminder of the diverse forms of courage that fueled India’s fight for independence, and of the enduring relevance of standing up for truth and justice in the face of overwhelming power.BJP leaders hail 'Kesari: Chapter 2' as powerful, urge ...

Star Power with Soul: Akshay Kumar and Cast Shine Bright

Akshay Kumar takes on the role of Justice Sankaran Nair with such gravitas that audiences are left stunned. It’s a performance that ditches Bollywood theatrics for raw emotion. His portrayal is restrained, thoughtful, and intense — perfect for a man trying to fight an empire with words and integrity.

Supporting Cast Highlights:

  • R. Madhavan plays Nair’s legal adversary with nuanced villainy, never slipping into caricature.

  • Ananya Panday, in a welcome departure from her glam roles, plays Dilreet Gill, a journalist-in-training seeking guidance from Nair. Their relationship is one of mentorship and mutual respect.

  • Regina Cassandra adds grace and emotional depth as Parvathy Nair, Sankaran’s wife, showing the personal cost of his professional courage.

Why it works: There is no romantic subplot between Kumar and Panday. This progressive choice has been widely praised as a refreshing departure from outdated tropes.

Historical Authenticity That Feels All Too Real

Director Karan Singh Tyagi, himself a law graduate, ensures the film remains both legally accurate and historically compelling. Every courtroom dialogue, especially the verbal duels between Sankaran Nair and O’Dwyer’s counsel, rings with authenticity.

Production Value:

  • A massive Jallianwala Bagh set was created in Mumbai.

  • Sequences were shot at IIT Roorkee, Rewari Junction, Red Fort, Sunder Nursery, and Delhi University.

  • The costumes, furniture, and architecture reflect the British colonial era meticulously.

The result is not just historical cinema — it’s a time capsule.Kesari Chapter 2 Twitter reviews: Fans ask for National ...

Music, Message & Media: A Perfect Harmony

Kesari Chapter 2, while not a traditional musical, features emotionally charged tracks composed by Shashwat Sachdev, Kavita Seth, and Kanishk Seth that significantly enhance the film’s poignant tone. One standout song, “Khumaari,” includes a cameo by Masaba Gupta and serves as a poetic interlude, providing a moment of reflective calm amid the intense courtroom drama. These tracks complement the narrative’s emotional depth without interrupting the film’s serious and focused storytelling style, adding layers of feeling that resonate with the audience.

The film’s marketing campaign created a massive buzz ahead of its release, with trailers trending at #1 on YouTube India, capturing widespread attention. Akshay Kumar’s passionate speeches during press events went viral on social media platforms, further amplifying anticipation. Hashtags such as #KesariChapter2 and #JusticeForJallianwala dominated Indian Twitter for days following the release, reflecting the film’s strong impact on public discourse. This digital momentum helped the film connect deeply with viewers, especially those interested in India’s colonial history and the fight for justice.

Critically, Kesari Chapter 2 has been well received, with most reviewers awarding it 4 out of 5 stars. Critics have praised the film for its educational depth, emotional power, and cinematic dignity. Akshay Kumar’s portrayal of C. Sankaran Nair has been singled out as a masterclass in acting, with many calling for national recognition of his performance. The film’s sensitive handling of a painful historical event, combined with sharp dialogues and compelling courtroom sequences, has earned it acclaim as a worthy and impactful addition to Indian cinema’s historical drama genre.

Resonating with Today’s India: Why This Film Matters Now

The release of Kesari Chapter 2 has quickly become more than just a cinematic event—it’s ignited a nationwide conversation about the enduring relevance of truth, justice, and resistance in modern India. By revisiting the Jallianwala Bagh massacre and the courageous legal battle of Justice C. Sankaran Nair, the film draws a powerful parallel between colonial-era injustices and the challenges facing truth and accountability today.

As one reviewer notes, the film is “of its time, for its time,” using the lens of history to reflect on the present, where freedom of speech and the pursuit of justice are once again under scrutiny. The narrative’s unapologetic stance has resonated strongly with audiences, with public response overwhelmingly supportive despite some conservative critics claiming it “villainizes the British too heavily.” This willingness to confront uncomfortable truths has made the film a rallying point for those who see echoes of the past in contemporary struggles for transparency and fairness.

The cultural impact of Kesari Chapter 2 is evident across India’s educational and legal communities. Schools and universities have begun organizing special screenings and panel discussions, using the film as a springboard to discuss not only the events of 1919 but also the broader themes of justice and civil rights. Legal scholars and historians have praised the film for raising awareness about India’s pre-independence judiciary and for shedding light on the lesser-known contributions of figures like Sankaran Nair.

His portrayal as a symbol of dignified resistance has particularly struck a chord with young lawyers and students, many of whom see in his story a model for principled advocacy in the face of overwhelming odds. The character’s journey—from a respected member of the establishment to a defiant challenger of imperial power—serves as both inspiration and a call to action for the next generation of legal professionals.

This renewed attention to historical resistance has also sparked important dialogues about how India remembers its past and confronts its present. The film’s release coincides with ongoing debates about colonial legacy, reparations, and the need for official apologies, as highlighted by recent calls from British MPs for the UK government to formally acknowledge its role in the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.

By dramatizing Sankaran Nair’s legal battle and moral victory—even in the face of a biased colonial court—the film challenges viewers to consider the power of individual conscience and collective memory. In doing so, Kesari Chapter 2 not only honors the sacrifices of those who fought for justice a century ago but also urges today’s audiences to remain vigilant in defending truth and accountability against all forms of oppression

What’s Next?

According to inside sources, if Kesari Chapter 2 continues its successful run, a third installment focusing on India’s legal revolution post-independence might be greenlit. Whether that happens or not, one thing is clear — the Kesari franchise has cemented itself as more than just cinema. It’s a movement.

In an industry often criticized for valuing entertainment over substance, Kesari Chapter 2 delivers both. It tells a real story, tackles real issues, and celebrates a real hero. It doesn’t just retell history — it reclaims it.

For viewers young and old, this film offers an emotional, intellectual, and patriotic experience that is as rare as it is necessary.

Whether you are a history buff, a law student, or simply someone who values freedom and justice, Kesari Chapter 2 will leave you stirred, informed, and inspired.

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7 Game-Changing Highlights from PM Modi’s Conversation with Elon Musk: A New Dawn for India

Aryapriya Singh
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7 Game-Changing Highlights from PM Modi’s Conversation with Elon Musk: A New Dawn for India

Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s landmark conversation with Elon Musk on April 18, 2025, marks a significant deepening of India-US cooperation in technology and innovation, building on their earlier meeting in Washington DC. The dialogue covered a spectrum of cutting-edge sectors, including electric vehicles, artificial intelligence, space technology, and sustainable development, reflecting both nations’ commitment to harnessing technology for economic growth and global competitiveness. Modi emphasized India’s unwavering dedication to advancing these partnerships, while Musk expressed strong interest in aligning with India’s ‘Make in India’ initiative, particularly through potential Tesla manufacturing and Starlink satellite internet deployment in collaboration with Indian telecom giants.

This high-profile exchange is part of a broader strategic push, as seen in initiatives like the US-India iCET (Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technology) and TRUST (Transforming the Relationship Utilising Strategic Technology), which are designed to foster collaboration in AI, semiconductors, quantum computing, and space. The two countries are actively working to bridge innovation ecosystems, deepen industrial and defense innovation, and secure resilient supply chains—especially in semiconductors and critical minerals.

By integrating advanced technologies and encouraging reciprocal investments, India and the US are not only aiming for economic and technological gains but are also reinforcing democratic values, transparency, and security in the Indo-Pacific region. As the world’s largest democracies, their renewed collaboration is poised to reshape the technological landscape, foster innovation-driven growth, and serve as a model for international cooperation in the 21st century.PM Modi dials Elon Musk, says 'committed to advancing partnerships' | India News - The Times of India

Modi-Musk Dialogue: Strengthening India-US Technology Partnership

The recent conversation between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Elon Musk reaffirmed a robust and forward-looking vision for leveraging technology as a key driver of economic prosperity and sustainable development for both India and the United States. Building on their earlier meeting in Washington DC, the dialogue focused on expanding collaboration in areas such as electric vehicles, artificial intelligence, and space technology, which are central to India’s ambitions for technological advancement and self-reliance. Modi underscored India’s commitment to fostering innovation and technology transfer, highlighting the mutual benefits of deepening ties with the US.

For his part, Musk—CEO of Tesla and SpaceX—not only expressed enthusiasm for supporting India’s ‘Make in India’ initiative through potential local manufacturing of electric vehicles, but also discussed the rollout of Starlink satellite internet services in partnership with major Indian telecom companies like Reliance Jio and Bharti Airtel. These discussions are unfolding at a time when India is actively seeking to finalize a bilateral trade agreement with the US, further amplifying the significance of this tech-driven engagement.

This evolving partnership builds on a strong foundation of US-India technology cooperation, including joint ventures in space exploration and defense technology, and aims to more deeply integrate the innovation ecosystems of both nations. The synergy between India’s rapidly growing tech sector and Musk’s ventures in cutting-edge innovation is evident, with Tesla reportedly preparing for its entry into the Indian market by recruiting for positions in Delhi and Mumbai and scouting retail locations.

At the same time, Starlink’s agreements with Indian telecom giants signal a new era of digital connectivity, particularly for rural and underserved regions. The Modi-Musk dialogue also carries strategic weight, as it positions India and the US to jointly shape global technology standards, diversify supply chains, and counterbalance the influence of other major players in the tech sector. As both countries look to the future, this collaboration promises not only economic and technological gains but also strengthens democratic values and shared geopolitical interests in the Indo-Pacific region.

Key Sectors for Collaboration: EVs, AI, Space & Sustainable Innovation

The recent conversation between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Elon Musk spotlighted several strategic sectors poised for deep India-US collaboration, each carrying significant economic and technological promise. At the forefront is the electric vehicle (EV) sector, with Tesla’s anticipated entry into the Indian market expected to catalyze local manufacturing, generate employment, and accelerate India’s transition to clean mobility. Tesla has begun preparations for launching sales in major Indian cities and is exploring local partnerships, aligning with India’s ‘Make in India’ initiative and ongoing discussions on import tariffs. This move is seen as a major boost for India’s EV ecosystem and a step toward reducing the country’s dependence on fossil fuels.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and advanced telecommunications were also key topics, with both leaders recognizing their transformative potential across industries such as manufacturing, healthcare, and public services. The conversation highlighted the prospects for joint research and technology transfer, particularly as India seeks to expand its digital infrastructure and bridge the urban-rural connectivity divide. Space technology cooperation, already strong through joint satellite launches and defense applications, is set to expand further, leveraging SpaceX’s expertise and India’s rapidly advancing space capabilities.

In addition, the leaders underscored the importance of sustainable innovation, focusing on renewable energy and climate solutions as areas where joint efforts could yield substantial environmental and economic dividends. These collaborative ambitions not only promise to drive economic growth and technological advancement but also strengthen the strategic partnership between India and the United States in the face of evolving global challenges.PM Modi Talks to Elon Musk About Future Collaboration in Tech and Innovation - Thynk Unlimited

Strategic and Geopolitical Implications of Tech Collaboration

Beyond the economic and technological gains, the Modi-Musk dialogue carries profound geopolitical significance, positioning India and the United States as strategic partners in the evolving global technology landscape. By deepening technology collaboration, both democracies are actively working to counterbalance China’s growing dominance in critical tech supply chains and innovation sectors. Strategic analysts interpret this partnership as a deliberate move to diversify and strengthen global supply networks, reducing over-reliance on any single market—particularly China—and reinforcing the resilience of international technology ecosystems. This approach not only serves immediate economic interests but also aligns with the broader goal of upholding shared democratic values such as transparency, security, and freedom in technological development and governance.

Furthermore, this strengthened India-US tech alliance enhances India’s stature as a pivotal player in the Indo-Pacific region’s technological and strategic architecture. The collaboration supports broader multilateral efforts involving key allies like Japan, Australia, and South Korea, creating a united front to advance democratic technology governance and sustainable development.

As both nations invest in joint ventures across sectors like space, artificial intelligence, and renewable energy, they are shaping global tech standards and policies, while also fostering innovation and job creation at home. In this context, the Modi-Musk dialogue is not just about bilateral cooperation—it is a cornerstone in a larger geopolitical strategy to build a secure, open, and innovative global technology order in the face of rising competition and shifting power dynamics.

Future Outlook: Economic Growth, Job Creation & Innovation Ecosystem

The recent dialogue between Prime Minister Narendra Modi and Elon Musk is poised to catalyze transformative economic and social changes in India, with far-reaching implications for the country’s technological and industrial landscape. Increased foreign direct investment (FDI) from global tech leaders like Tesla is anticipated to spur robust manufacturing growth, skill development, and significant job creation across multiple sectors.

Tesla’s potential entry into the Indian market, for example, is expected to energize the domestic electric vehicle industry, foster local supply chains, and provide a major boost to India’s ‘Make in India’ initiative. Simultaneously, the integration of advanced technologies such as artificial intelligence (AI) and satellite internet—through ventures like Starlink—promises to enhance India’s digital infrastructure, bridge the urban-rural connectivity divide, and accelerate the country’s digital economy ambitions.

Moreover, this collaboration paves the way for joint research and development (R&D) initiatives, innovation hubs, and talent exchange programs, positioning India as a global innovation powerhouse. The Modi-Musk conversation emphasized the importance of regulatory cooperation and policy alignment to ensure the smooth and sustainable implementation of these collaborations.

By fostering an environment conducive to innovation and investment, India stands to benefit from knowledge transfer, upskilling of its workforce, and the emergence of new startups in cutting-edge fields. These advancements are not only expected to elevate India’s global competitiveness but also to drive inclusive growth and improve living standards across the country. The strategic partnership also carries geopolitical significance, as it strengthens India’s role in global technology supply chains and aligns with broader efforts to diversify and secure international tech ecosystems.PM Modi and Elon Musk discuss strengthening collaboration in innovation, space exploration and AI

Conclusion: A New Era of India-US Tech Synergy

India-US relations, ushering in a new era of technological partnership defined by ambition, strategic alignment, and mutual respect. This dialogue is emblematic of a broader shift where technology is now at the core of the bilateral relationship, as evidenced by landmark initiatives like the US-India TRUST (Transforming the Relationship Utilising Strategic Technology) and iCET (Initiative on Critical and Emerging Technologies).

These frameworks are designed to foster collaboration in critical and emerging sectors—such as artificial intelligence, semiconductors, quantum computing, biotechnology, and space exploration—where both nations see immense potential for driving economic growth, enhancing national security, and building resilient supply chains. Modi’s emphasis on self-reliance and global competitiveness is being realized through joint ventures like the establishment of India’s first semiconductor fabrication plant with US support, a move that not only advances India’s technological capabilities but also diversifies the global semiconductor supply chain in response to shifting geopolitical realities.

The strategic commitment reflected in Modi and Musk’s dialogue extends beyond economic gains, encompassing environmental sustainability, innovation-driven growth, and geopolitical stability. By integrating India’s burgeoning innovation ecosystem with American technological leadership, the partnership is accelerating research, manufacturing, and talent development in both countries. This collaboration is also a vital counterbalance to China’s dominance in global tech supply chains, as both democracies work to create open, secure, and diversified technology networks based on shared values of transparency and trust.

Furthermore, the partnership’s multilateral dimension—engaging allies like Japan, Australia, and South Korea—reinforces a united front for democratic technology governance and sustainable development in the Indo-Pacific region. As India and the US continue to deepen their cooperation, the world is watching closely, recognizing that their combined efforts in harnessing innovation will not only benefit their own citizens but also set benchmarks for global progress in technology and strategic collaboration.

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UPI: Government Sets the Definitive Record Straight Amid Rumors over GST on Transactions Above ₹2,000

Aryapriya Singh
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UPI: Government Sets the Definitive Record Straight Amid Rumors over GST on Transactions Above ₹2,000

In the past week, social media platforms and several news outlets have been abuzz with claims that the Indian government is set to impose Goods and Services Tax (GST) on Unified Payments Interface (UPI) transactions exceeding ₹2,000. This speculation triggered widespread anxiety among millions of digital payment users—including small businesses, shopkeepers, and freelancers—who depend on UPI for seamless, cost-effective daily transactions. Concerns quickly escalated, with many fearing that such a tax would increase the cost of digital payments and discourage the use of UPI, potentially reversing years of progress in India’s digital economy.

However, the Finance Ministry and the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs (CBIC) have categorically dismissed these rumors, labeling them as “completely false, misleading, and without any basis”. In official statements, authorities clarified that there is no proposal to levy GST on UPI transactions above ₹2,000, nor is there any plan under consideration. The government explained that GST is only applicable to charges like the Merchant Discount Rate (MDR) on certain payment instruments, but since January 2020, MDR has been eliminated for person-to-merchant UPI transactions, making them GST-free. This clarification not only reassures users and merchants but also reinforces the government’s commitment to promoting digital payments and supporting the continued growth and innovation of the UPI ecosystem.UPI remains GST-free: Centre clarifies no tax on digital payments - UPI remains GST free: Centre clarifies no tax on digital payments BusinessToday

Government’s Official Clarification: No GST on UPI Transactions Above ₹2,000

On April 18, 2025, the Ministry of Finance issued a definitive statement rejecting widespread rumors about the imposition of GST on UPI transactions above ₹2,000. The government categorically clarified that there is no proposal or plan to levy GST on such transactions, labeling the circulating reports as “completely false, misleading, and without any basis”. The Ministry explained that GST is only applicable to charges such as the Merchant Discount Rate (MDR), which merchants pay to banks or payment processors for facilitating digital transactions. Importantly, since January 2020, the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has removed MDR on person-to-merchant (P2M) UPI transactions, effectively eliminating any GST liability on these payments.

As a result, since no MDR is charged on UPI transactions today, GST does not apply to them. The Finance Ministry further reaffirmed its commitment to promoting digital payments and supporting the continued growth of UPI as a free and accessible payment platform for all Indians. To encourage adoption, the government has also implemented incentive schemes specifically targeting low-value UPI transactions, especially benefiting small merchants and driving financial inclusion. With UPI transaction values surging to ₹260.56 lakh crore by March 2025, the government’s clear stance ensures that digital payments remain cost-effective and user-friendly, reinforcing India’s leadership in the global digital payments ecosystem.

Understanding MDR and Its Role in GST on Digital Payments

GST is not applicable on UPI transactions themselves because the tax is levied only on the Merchant Discount Rate (MDR), which is a fee charged to merchants by banks or payment service providers for processing digital payments. Since January 2020, the Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has removed the MDR on person-to-merchant (P2M) UPI transactions, effectively eliminating any fee on these payments. Consequently, as no MDR is charged on UPI transactions today, there is no GST liability on the transaction amount itself.

To clarify, when a customer pays via credit or debit card, the MDR charged to the merchant attracts GST because it is a service fee. However, with UPI, the government’s policy to remove MDR on P2M transactions means these payments are free of such charges and thus exempt from GST. This removal of MDR has been a key driver behind UPI’s explosive growth, with transaction values soaring from ₹21.3 lakh crore in FY 2019-20 to ₹260.56 lakh crore by March 2025, making India a global leader in digital payments. The government continues to support UPI growth through incentive schemes targeting low-value transactions, benefiting small merchants and promoting wider adoption of digital payments.

A closer look at transaction patterns reveals the depth of UPI’s penetration and its pivotal role in financial inclusion. In FY 2024-25, 62.35% of UPI transactions were person-to-merchant (P2M), while 37.65% were person-to-person (P2P), reflecting the platform’s widespread adoption by small businesses and consumers alike. Strikingly, 86% of P2M transactions were for amounts up to ₹500, underscoring UPI’s importance in facilitating low-value, everyday payments—precisely the segment that would be most affected by any additional charges or taxes.

The average daily transaction value in March 2025 stood at ₹79,903 crore, with 590 million transactions processed each day. This explosive growth not only demonstrates the trust and convenience UPI offers but also highlights why maintaining a GST- and MDR-free regime is essential for sustaining its momentum and ensuring continued financial inclusion across India’s diverse population.GST on UPI transactions over ₹2,000? Here's what you need to know | Mint

Payments Council of India’s MDR Demand and Government’s Response

Last month, the Payments Council of India (PCI), representing over 180 digital payments companies, formally petitioned Prime Minister Narendra Modi to reconsider the zero Merchant Discount Rate (MDR) policy on Unified Payments Interface (UPI) and RuPay debit card transactions. PCI proposed introducing a nominal MDR of 0.3% on  transactions, but only for large merchants—defined as those with an annual turnover exceeding ₹20 lakh to ₹40 lakh, depending on the source—and a reasonable MDR on RuPay debit card transactions for all merchant categories.

This request comes amid growing concerns over the financial sustainability of the digital payments ecosystem, especially after the government reduced its budget for incentives promoting low-value BHIM-UPI transactions from ₹3,268 crore in FY 2024 to just ₹1,500 crore for FY 2025. PCI argues that the current subsidy covers only a fraction of the estimated ₹10,000 crore annual cost required to maintain and expand services, including investments in cybersecurity, innovation, merchant onboarding, and infrastructure upgrades.

Despite PCI’s formal appeal, the government has not yet made any decision to levy MDR or GST on transactions and continues to maintain its stance of keeping digital payments affordable and accessible, particularly for small merchants and consumers. The PCI emphasizes that introducing MDR for large merchants would create a sustainable revenue model without burdening small businesses, thereby ensuring continued investments in the digital payments infrastructure.

Industry leaders, including Amazon Pay, PhonePe, Paytm, and Razorpay, support the move, highlighting that the zero MDR regime has made it financially challenging for payment providers to invest in deeper market penetration, especially in rural areas. However, any move to reintroduce MDR charges is likely to be carefully calibrated to balance ecosystem sustainability with the government’s goal of promoting digital financial inclusion.

Impact of Rumors on Users and Businesses: Concerns and Clarifications

The widespread rumors about an 18% GST being imposed on transactions exceeding ₹2,000 triggered significant anxiety among individual users, small businesses, and freelancers who depend on UPI for their daily financial activities. Many feared that such a tax would not only increase transaction costs but also discourage the use of digital payments, potentially pushing users back toward cash-based transactions.

Small merchants, in particular, were concerned about the prospect of additional compliance requirements and the risk of having to raise prices to offset the new tax burden. Experts cautioned that any such move could undermine the remarkable progress made in India’s digital payment revolution and threaten ongoing efforts to promote financial inclusion, especially for those in rural and semi-urban areas.

However, the government’s swift and unequivocal clarification has helped to dispel these fears and restore confidence among stakeholders. The Ministry of Finance, along with the Central Board of Indirect Taxes and Customs, categorically stated that the claims of GST on transactions above ₹2,000 are “completely false, misleading, and without any basis.”

They explained that GST is only applicable to charges like the Merchant Discount Rate (MDR), which has already been eliminated for person-to-merchant UPI transactions since January 2020. As a result, there is no GST liability on UPI payments today. This reassurance preserves the user-friendliness and cost-effectiveness of the UPI platform, ensuring that digital payments remain accessible and affordable for millions of Indians, and safeguarding the momentum of India’s digital economy.

The latest data highlights the extraordinary scale and momentum of UPI’s growth, cementing its role as the backbone of India’s digital payment ecosystem. In March 2025,  transactions reached a record ₹24.77 trillion in value and 19.78 billion in volume—the first time either metric has crossed these thresholds in a single month. This surge represented a 13% increase in value and a 14% jump in volume compared to February 2025, largely driven by year-end financial activity.

Over the entire financial year 2024-25, UPI processed a staggering ₹260.56 trillion in value (a 30% year-on-year increase) and 131.14 billion transactions (up 42% year-on-year), far outpacing the growth of other digital payment methods. Notably, now accounts for 80% of India’s retail digital transactions, with more than 661 banks and over 80 UPI-enabled apps participating in the ecosystem.GST on UPI transactions over Rs 2,000: Govt issues clarification on 'false, misleading' reports

Conclusion: Transactions Remain GST-Free, Supporting India’s Digital Future

The government’s unequivocal denial of GST on UPI transactions above ₹2,000 sends a strong signal of its dedication to nurturing a cashless and digitally empowered economy. By swiftly addressing and dispelling rumors, the Ministry of Finance has reinforced public trust in the digital payments ecosystem, ensuring that users and merchants—especially those in rural and semi-urban areas—are not burdened by additional costs or compliance hurdles.

This clarity is particularly vital for small merchants and consumers who rely on UPI for daily transactions, as the absence of GST and Merchant Discount Rate (MDR) charges keeps digital payments affordable and accessible. The government’s policy has been instrumental in driving the exponential growth of UPI, with transaction values surging from ₹21.3 lakh crore in FY 2019-20 to an impressive ₹260.56 lakh crore by March 2025.

To further support and sustain this momentum, the government has implemented targeted incentive schemes since FY 2021-22, specifically designed to benefit low-value person-to-merchant (P2M) UPI transactions. These schemes have provided direct financial relief to small merchants by absorbing transaction costs, thereby promoting broader participation and innovation in digital payments. The increasing allocations—from ₹1,389 crore in FY 2021-22 to ₹3,631 crore in FY 2023-24—demonstrate the government’s sustained commitment to fostering a robust and inclusive digital payments infrastructure. As a result, India has emerged as a global leader in digital payments, accounting for 49% of worldwide real-time transactions in 2023, according to the ACI Worldwide Report 2024.

This transparent and proactive approach by the Finance Ministry not only quells misinformation but also highlights the critical balance between digital innovation and regulatory support. By maintaining UPI as a GST-free and MDR-free platform, the government ensures ongoing financial inclusion, supports small businesses, and encourages the continued adoption of digital payments nationwide. Such clarity and policy stability are essential for building a resilient digital economy, where innovation thrives alongside regulatory certainty, ultimately benefiting millions of Indians and reinforcing the nation’s position at the forefront of the global digital revolution.

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Waqf Act Protest Amid Pending SC Case: 5 Alarming Judgements by Karnataka HC Scolds State

Aryapriya Singh
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Waqf Act Protest Amid Pending SC Case: 5 Alarming Judgements by Karnataka HC Scolds State

The Karnataka High Court has strongly criticized the state government for allowing a protest against the Waqf Act to proceed, especially considering the pendency of a related case before the Supreme Court. Justice M Nagaprasanna, presiding over the matter, expressed serious reservations about the state’s decision, emphasizing that permitting such a demonstration while the apex court is seized of the issue is not only inappropriate but could also potentially influence the judicial process.

This rebuke underscores the delicate balance between the right to protest and the need to uphold judicial decorum, raising critical questions about the state’s handling of sensitive issues with legal ramifications. This article delves into the details of the High Court’s observations, the implications of the protest, and the broader context of the ongoing legal battles surrounding the Waqf Act.

Karnataka Waqf row: A 1998 Supreme Court ruling has turned out to be a bane for

High Court’s Scathing Remarks: Questioning State’s Discretion

Justice M Nagaprasanna of the Karnataka High Court strongly criticized the state government for permitting a protest against the Waqf (Amendment) Act while the matter is still pending before the Supreme Court. The judge questioned the rationale behind allowing such a demonstration, emphasizing that the Supreme Court is currently seized of the issue and that permitting protests on a sub judice matter is inappropriate. He remarked, “What protest are you permitting now when the apex court is hearing the matter?” This pointed observation underlined concerns that such protests could be perceived as attempts to influence the judicial process or exert undue pressure on the courts, thereby undermining the integrity of the judiciary.

The court further highlighted that the Supreme Court has expressed displeasure over similar protests elsewhere, including in West Bengal’s Murshidabad, which witnessed communal violence. Justice Nagaprasanna stressed that as a state, Karnataka should not have allowed any protests on an issue that is under judicial consideration. The High Court was hearing a petition filed by a Mangaluru resident, Rajesh A, who challenged a police advisory that directed bus operators to suspend services along a section of National Highway 73 during the protest.

The petitioner argued that the advisory caused undue hardship to the public by disrupting essential transport services. While the state government claimed the advisory was issued to ensure free flow of traffic and suggested alternate routes, the court refused to accept this explanation, focusing instead on the core issue of the state’s decision to permit the protest in the first place.

Justice Nagaprasanna also directed the state government to ensure that protests do not obstruct public roads and that they are held only at designated locations with official permission. The court asserted firmly, “If there is no permission, there is no protest,” underscoring the need for lawful and orderly conduct of demonstrations. The High Court’s remarks serve as a reminder that while the right to protest is fundamental, it must be exercised responsibly and with due regard to the ongoing judicial process. The court scheduled the matter for further hearing on April 23, signaling its continued scrutiny over the state’s handling of the protest and related administrative measures.

This judicial reprimand comes amid widespread opposition to the amended Waqf Act, which has triggered protests from various sections of the Muslim community and others. The amendments have been challenged in the Supreme Court by members of Parliament, religious bodies, and political parties on grounds that they violate constitutional protections related to religious freedom. The controversy centers on provisions that give government officials overriding powers in waqf boards and alter the composition of these bodies, raising fears of erosion of community autonomy. The Karnataka High Court’s observations emphasize the delicate balance between safeguarding democratic rights and maintaining the sanctity of judicial proceedings, especially when sensitive and contested laws are under review by the highest court.Waqf board polls to fill two vacancies from Mutawalli category in Karnataka on November 19

Background: The Waqf Act and the Ongoing Legal Challenges

The Waqf Act of 1995, which governs the administration and management of waqf properties in India, has been at the center of significant legal and public debate. Waqf properties are assets—movable or immovable—permanently dedicated for religious, charitable, or pious purposes under Muslim law. Once a property is declared as waqf, it is managed by state waqf boards and its ownership is considered to vest in God, making it inalienable and outside the realm of sale, transfer, or inheritance. The Act established a framework for the creation, registration, and supervision of waqf properties, and created waqf boards in every state to oversee their management.

Over the years, the Act has faced numerous legal challenges and criticism, particularly regarding the extent of powers vested in waqf boards. Critics argue that certain provisions, especially those allowing the waqf boards to unilaterally declare any property as waqf property, can infringe upon the rights of existing property owners and raise questions about due process and secularism. There have been instances where private properties or government land have been claimed as waqf, leading to protracted legal disputes and public unrest. The lack of adequate safeguards for non-Muslims and property owners has been a recurring concern, fueling demands for reform and greater transparency in the functioning of waqf institutions.

Currently, the Supreme Court is hearing a batch of petitions challenging the constitutional validity of various sections of the Waqf Act. The petitions focus on contentious issues such as the waqf board’s authority to declare properties as waqf, the process for dispute resolution, and the absence of robust checks and balances to protect the interests of non-Muslims and other stakeholders. The ongoing legal proceedings reflect deep-seated concerns about the impact of the Act on property rights, religious freedom, and the balance of power between religious institutions and the state. The outcome of these cases is likely to have far-reaching implications for property law, minority rights, and the secular fabric of the country.

Implications of the Protest: Upholding Judicial Integrity

The protest against the Waqf Act, which took place while the matter is sub judice before the Supreme Court, raises significant questions about the appropriate boundaries of public expression and its potential impact on judicial proceedings. While proponents of the protest argue that it is a legitimate exercise of the right to freedom of speech and assembly, critics contend that it could be seen as an attempt to influence the outcome of the case or create a biased public narrative.

The High Court’s intervention underscores the importance of maintaining judicial integrity and ensuring that the courts are able to adjudicate matters without undue external pressure. The state government’s decision to allow the protest has been called into question, with concerns raised about its responsibility to uphold the authority of the judiciary and prevent any actions that could be perceived as undermining the legal process.Waqf row: Karnataka Govt says 81% of encroachments by Muslims; retired judge's panel to probe | Bangalore News - The Indian Express

Broader Context: Balancing Rights and Responsibilities

The Karnataka High Court’s rebuke of the state government for permitting a protest against the Waqf (Amendment) Act comes at a time of heightened national debate about the boundaries between fundamental rights and the responsibilities of the state. Justice M Nagaprasanna’s observations made it clear that while the right to protest is a fundamental aspect of democracy, it is not absolute and must be balanced against the need to maintain public order and respect the ongoing judicial process.

The court specifically highlighted that the matter concerning the Waqf Act is currently under consideration by the Supreme Court, and allowing such protests while the issue is sub judice could be seen as an attempt to influence or undermine the judicial process. The High Court’s directive was unequivocal: protests must not obstruct public roads, must be held only in designated areas, and require official permission from authorities.

“If there is no permission, there is no protest,” the court asserted, emphasizing the procedural safeguards that must be in place to prevent disruption and ensure public safety. This stance was prompted by a petition from a Mangaluru resident, Rajesh A, who challenged a police advisory directing bus operators to suspend services along a section of National Highway 73 during the protest.

The petitioner argued that the advisory caused undue hardship to the public by disrupting essential transport services, a concern the court took seriously in its deliberations. The state government, in its response, informed the court that it had revised the initial directive and assured that normal traffic would be maintained, though heavy and medium commercial vehicles were advised to use alternative routes as a precaution.

Nevertheless, the High Court’s intervention serves as a pointed reminder that the state has a duty not just to facilitate democratic rights, but also to ensure that these rights are exercised within the framework of the law and do not infringe upon the rights of others or the functioning of the judiciary. The court’s insistence on protests being held only with permission and in designated spaces is a reaffirmation of the principle that rights and responsibilities must go hand in hand.

As the Supreme Court continues to hear the challenges to the Waqf Act, the High Court’s observations underscore the need for the state government to exercise caution and avoid any actions that could be construed as prejudicing the outcome of the case or eroding public confidence in the judiciary. The episode also highlights the delicate balance required in a democracy: protecting the right to dissent and protest, while simultaneously upholding the rule of law and judicial integrity. The High Court’s intervention thus not only addresses the immediate procedural concerns but also sets an important precedent for how sensitive legal and constitutional issues should be managed in the public sphere while they are under judicial consideration.

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Also Read: Vice President Dhankhar’s 7 Explosive Warnings on Supreme Court Overreach

Yamuna at the Forefront: 7 Powerful Steps Unveiled by PM Modi—A Critical Review of Delhi’s Water Crisis

Aryapriya Singh
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Yamuna at the Forefront: 7 Powerful Steps Unveiled by PM Modi—A Critical Review of Delhi’s Water Crisis

Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s recent high-level meeting on April 16, 2025, brought together key Union and Delhi government officials to address the critical challenges of cleaning and rejuvenating the Yamuna River, as well as resolving Delhi’s persistent drinking water issues. The meeting was attended by Union Home Minister Amit Shah, Union Jal Shakti Minister C. R. Patil, Delhi Chief Minister Rekha Gupta, and senior bureaucrats, underscoring the urgency and importance of the issue.

During the session, a comprehensive presentation was made outlining an agency-wise action plan, which includes short-term, medium-term, and long-term strategies to tackle the river’s pollution. These strategies focus on drain management, solid and industrial waste management, sewage and septage treatment, improving wastewater infrastructure, floodplain protection, and the development of a green riverfront, all with clearly defined timelines to ensure accountability and progress.

The meeting also emphasized the integration of advanced technologies such as real-time data monitoring and space technology to track pollution sources and the effectiveness of sewage treatment plants. Public participation was highlighted as a cornerstone of the plan, with initiatives like the ‘Jan Bhagidari Movement’ aimed at fostering a people-river connection and encouraging community involvement in river rejuvenation efforts.

The government’s vision extends beyond mere pollution control, aiming to transform the Yamuna riverfront into a vibrant urban space with commercial, cultural, and recreational facilities, inspired by successful models like the Sabarmati Riverfront. By combining technological innovation, robust governance, and public engagement, the government hopes to restore the Yamuna’s ecological health and secure a reliable drinking water supply for millions in Delhi, marking a significant step forward in the city’s environmental and infrastructural development.pm modi review meeting on cleaning and rejuvenation of delhi ...

The Yamuna Crisis: From Sacred River to Polluted Drain

The Yamuna, once revered as a sacred river, has tragically transformed into a heavily polluted waterway, described by officials as a “polluted drain filled with filth and garbage.” Despite previous efforts, including an expenditure of Rs 8,500 crore under the Aam Aadmi Party (AAP) government, the river’s condition has not improved significantly. The Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) had made cleaning the Yamuna a key electoral promise for the 2025 Delhi Assembly elections, highlighting the failure of the previous administration and vowing to collaborate closely with the central government for a revival.

PM Modi’s Meeting: Key Participants and Agenda

The meeting at 7, Lok Kalyan Marg, chaired by Prime Minister Narendra Modi, brought together key national and Delhi government leaders, including Union Home Minister Amit Shah, Union Jal Shakti Minister C. R. Patil, Delhi Chief Minister Rekha Gupta, and senior bureaucrats such as Principal Secretaries P. K. Mishra and Shaktikanta Das. The primary focus was to review and strategize an agency-wise, multi-phase action plan aimed at cleaning the Yamuna River and upgrading Delhi’s drinking water infrastructure. The action plan was structured with specific timelines: short-term activities to be completed within three months, medium-term goals spanning three months to one and a half years, and long-term objectives set for up to three years.

During the meeting, officials discussed a comprehensive set of interventions, including drain management, solid and industrial waste management, expansion and monitoring of sewage treatment infrastructure, floodplain protection, and the development of a green riverfront. The agenda also emphasized the integration of advanced technologies—such as real-time data collection and space technology—to monitor pollution sources and treatment plant performance. Public participation was highlighted as a crucial element, with the Prime Minister advocating for initiatives like the Jan Bhagidari Movement to foster a sense of community ownership over the river’s health and to enhance the cultural and social experience of festivals like Chhath Puja along the Yamuna.Yamuna's Cleaning Drive In Delhi: PM Modi's Pre-Election ...

The 7 Powerful Steps to Clean and Rejuvenate Yamuna

a. Agency-Wise Action Plan with Timelines

The government has devised a detailed action plan divided into short-term (3 months), medium-term (3 months to 1.5 years), and long-term (1.5 to 3 years) activities. These include:

  • Drain management

  • Sewage treatment and infrastructure expansion

  • Solid waste and industrial waste management

  • Floodplain protection and green riverfront development

  • Public outreach and community engagement

b. Use of Advanced Technology and Real-Time Data

PM Modi emphasized harnessing the best available technology, including space technology and micro-level real-time data, to monitor drain flows, sewage treatment plants (STPs), and pollution levels. This data-driven approach aims to optimize the planning and implementation of pollution abatement infrastructure.

c. Development of Yamuna Riverfront

Inspired by the Sabarmati Riverfront model, the plan includes developing the Yamuna riverfront with 24×7 commercial establishments, entertainment facilities, interactive shows, and theatres to foster a vibrant public space along the riverbanks. This initiative aims to reconnect citizens with the river and promote sustainable urban development.

d. Establishment of Yamuna Kosh

A dedicated fund, the Yamuna Kosh, will be set up to finance the river’s revitalization efforts, ensuring sustained and focused investment in cleaning and rejuvenation projects.

e. Comprehensive Wastewater Treatment

The plan prioritizes the full treatment of wastewater from major drains such as Barapullah, Shahdara, and Ghazipur before it enters the Yamuna. This includes strict monitoring of existing STPs and constructing new decentralized STPs to close the treatment gap of approximately 400 million gallons per day (MGD).

f. Floodplain Protection and Green Spaces

Protecting the river’s floodplains and developing green spaces along the banks are integral to the plan. These measures will help restore the ecological balance, prevent encroachments, and enhance the river’s natural flow.

g. Public Participation and Cultural Integration

PM Modi stressed the importance of creating a strong emotional and cultural connection between the people and the Yamuna. He proposed launching a ‘Jan Bhagidari’ (public participation) movement, enlisting volunteers for river rejuvenation, and integrating cultural events such as the Braj Yatra and Chhath Puja celebrations to foster community ownership.

Addressing Delhi’s Drinking Water Challenges

Alongside the intensified river cleaning efforts, the meeting led by Prime Minister Modi placed a strong emphasis on rehabilitating and modernizing Delhi’s water infrastructure to address chronic issues of leakages, non-revenue water, and supply inefficiencies. The government has committed a substantial allocation of ₹9,000 crore towards improving sanitation, expanding access to clean drinking water, and upgrading the water supply network.

This includes replacing open canals from Haryana with pipelines to minimize water loss, installing intelligent metering and automation systems for better monitoring, and constructing new borewells and rainwater harvesting structures to supplement groundwater resources. The city’s water demand stands at 1,290 million gallons per day (MGD), while the current supply is only 1,000 MGD, making these investments crucial for bridging the gap and ensuring reliable supply, especially during peak summer months.

A holistic Urban River Management Plan is being developed to integrate water resource management with Delhi’s broader urban planning framework, ensuring sustainability for the city’s growing population. This master plan includes long-term measures such as upgrading pipelines, expanding water treatment capacity to 1,500 MGD, constructing additional underground reservoirs, and reducing non-revenue water from 58% to 20%. The government also aims to automate distribution with Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) systems, introduce GPS tracking for water tankers, and revive water bodies across the city. These comprehensive reforms are designed to replace crisis-driven responses with systemic solutions, promising a future of clean, uninterrupted water supply and improved living standards for Delhi’s residents.Prime Minister Modi calls upon 'people's movement' for ...

Political Context and Public Expectations

The Yamuna cleaning initiative has emerged as a significant political flashpoint between the BJP and AAP, deeply influencing the 2025 Delhi Assembly elections and shaping public discourse on environmental governance. The BJP capitalized on widespread dissatisfaction with the AAP government’s failure to deliver tangible improvements in the river’s condition despite substantial spending. During the election campaign, AAP leader Arvind Kejriwal accused the BJP-ruled Haryana government of deliberately “poisoning” the Yamuna with ammonia-contaminated water to harm Delhi’s population.

This allegation sparked a major controversy, with the BJP and Prime Minister Narendra Modi vehemently rejecting the claim, framing it as an insult to Haryana and its people. Modi’s counter-narrative, questioning whether Haryana’s residents would harm water consumed by their own families, resonated strongly with voters, particularly those of Haryanvi origin living in Delhi, and helped consolidate BJP’s voter base. This controversy contributed to the BJP flipping nine seats in the Yamuna belt and significantly reducing AAP’s overall tally from 62 to 22 seats, marking a dramatic political shift.

The BJP’s campaign also emphasized a concrete vision for the Yamuna’s revival, promising a dedicated ‘Yamuna Kosh’ fund and a Sabarmati-style riverfront development to transform the polluted riverbanks into eco-friendly urban spaces. This approach allowed the BJP to position itself as both a protector of Haryana’s honour and a party with actionable plans for environmental restoration, contrasting with AAP’s perceived blame-shifting and unfulfilled promises. Meanwhile, the AAP faced criticism for its decade-long failure to clean the river, with environmental activists and opposition parties highlighting the persistent pollution levels and inadequate sewage treatment infrastructure under its governance.

The Delhi Congress also accused the BJP government of delaying implementation of its own promises post-election, calling for genuine focus on cleaning the Yamuna rather than political gimmicks. As the BJP government begins its tenure with a strong mandate, its performance on the Yamuna cleanup and water management will be closely scrutinized by the public, opposition parties, and environmental watchdogs alike.

Conclusion: A Critical Juncture for Yamuna and Delhi’s Water Future

Prime Minister Narendra Modi’s chairing of this high-profile meeting signals a renewed and robust commitment from the central and Delhi governments to tackle the Yamuna’s pollution crisis and Delhi’s drinking water woes. The comprehensive, technology-driven, and community-inclusive approach outlined in the meeting offers hope for a cleaner Yamuna and better water quality in the national capital. However, the success of these ambitious plans will depend on seamless coordination among multiple agencies, sustained funding, and active public participation over the next three years.

Follow: Press Information Bureau

Also Read: Vice President Dhankhar’s 7 Explosive Warnings on Supreme Court Overreach

Vice President Dhankhar’s 7 Explosive Warnings on Supreme Court Overreach

Aryapriya Singh
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Vice President Dhankhar’s 7 Explosive Warnings on Supreme Court Overreach

In a powerful and unprecedented critique of the Indian judiciary, Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar on April 17, 2025, issued a sharp rebuke of the Supreme Court’s recent actions, accusing it of overstepping its constitutional mandate and acting as a “super Parliament.” Speaking at the valedictory function of the 6th Rajya Sabha Internship Programme in New Delhi, Dhankhar raised serious concerns about the Supreme Court’s use of Article 142 — which grants it plenary powers to ensure “complete justice” — describing it as a “nuclear missile” wielded 24×7 by the judiciary against democratic institutions. This strong statement has ignited a nationwide debate on the separation of powers, judicial accountability, and the delicate balance between the legislature, executive, and judiciary in India’s democracy.

Dhankhar’s remarks come in the wake of the Supreme Court’s April 8, 2025, ruling that directed the President of India to act within a three-month timeline on bills reserved by state governors, effectively setting deadlines for presidential assent. The Vice President questioned the constitutional validity of such directives, emphasizing that the judiciary cannot direct the President, who is a constitutional authority with distinct powers. He warned that the judiciary’s increasing encroachment into legislative and executive domains threatens to destabilize India’s constitutional framework and undermine the principle of separation of powers, which is foundational to the country’s democratic governance.Vice President Fires Back at Supreme Court: ‘Courts Can’t Command the President’

Vice President Dhankhar Flags Supreme Court Overreach: Judiciary or ‘Super Parliament’?

Vice President Dhankhar’s sharp critique focused on the Supreme Court’s recent judgment in the State of Tamil Nadu vs Governor case, where the court directed the President to decide on bills within a stipulated timeframe. Dhankhar argued that this move effectively transforms the judiciary into a “super Parliament,” performing legislative and executive functions without accountability. He underscored that under the Indian Constitution, only a bench of five or more judges under Article 145(3) has the authority to interpret the law on substantial constitutional questions, and even then, the judiciary cannot direct the President’s actions.

Calling Article 142 a “nuclear missile” in the judiciary’s arsenal, Dhankhar warned that its unrestrained use threatens democratic forces. Article 142 allows the Supreme Court to pass any decree or order necessary to do “complete justice” in cases before it, but Dhankhar cautioned that its frequent invocation to direct constitutional authorities risks upsetting the balance of power. He stressed that the legislature, judiciary, and executive must “blossom” within their own domains to maintain the equilibrium essential for a stable democracy.

Concerns Over Judicial Accountability and Immunity: The Justice Varma Cash Controversy

Dhankhar also raised concerns over the handling of the Justice Yashwant Varma case, where semi-burnt sacks of cash were reportedly found at the judge’s official residence in Delhi. Highlighting the delay in public disclosure and investigation, he questioned the absence of a First Information Report (FIR) and the special permissions required to initiate proceedings against judges. Dhankhar pointed out that unlike other constitutional functionaries, judges enjoy a form of immunity not explicitly provided for in the Constitution, which only grants such protection to the President and Governors.

He warned that this “category beyond law” undermines the rule of law and public trust in the judiciary. Dhankhar emphasized that no one should be above the law and that transparency and accountability must prevail regardless of an individual’s position. This perspective has gained traction in recent years, especially as the judiciary itself has taken steps toward greater openness—most notably, the Supreme Court’s recent decision to require public declaration of judges’ assets.

This move, aligned with the ethical principles set out in the 1997 Restatement of Values of Judicial Life, is seen as a significant stride toward reinforcing public confidence and ensuring that judges adhere to the highest standards of integrity and impartiality. The broader reform agenda now includes not only asset disclosure, but also digitization of court processes, establishment of fast-track courts, and efforts to make legal proceedings more accessible and efficient, all aimed at reinforcing the judiciary’s credibility and effectiveness.

The Vice President’s call for a structured discussion on judicial accountability with parliamentary leaders reflects a growing consensus that judicial independence must be balanced with robust mechanisms for oversight and transparency. Recent debates about the lack of external accountability in judicial appointments and the handling of misconduct allegations have reignited interest in reforms such as the revival of the National Judicial Appointments Commission (NJAC), the creation of independent judicial oversight bodies, and the formalization of enforceable codes of conduct for judges.

These measures are viewed as essential to restoring public trust and ensuring that the judiciary remains answerable to the people it serves. Ultimately, the goal is to create a system where the judiciary can maintain its independence while also being subject to meaningful scrutiny, thereby upholding both the rule of law and the democratic values at the heart of India’s constitutional framework.Profile | Vice President of India | Government of India

The Separation of Powers Under Threat: Dhankhar’s Call for Institutional Balance

At the heart of Dhankhar’s critique is the erosion of the separation of powers, a cornerstone of India’s constitutional democracy. He warned that when one institution—be it the judiciary, legislature, or executive—encroaches on the domain of another, it risks destabilizing the entire system. Dhankhar stressed that the legislature, judiciary, and executive must operate strictly within their constitutional boundaries to maintain the “balance” that ensures good governance and democratic stability.

Vice President Dhankhar’s caution against judges who legislate, execute, and remain unaccountable directly addresses the phenomenon of judicial overreach, a situation where the judiciary exceeds its constitutional mandate and encroaches upon the domains of the legislature and executive. Judicial overreach in India occurs when courts not only interpret the law but also begin to make laws or direct executive actions, thereby disturbing the balance of powers fundamental to a functioning democracy. While the judiciary plays a vital role in upholding constitutional values and protecting fundamental rights, excessive intervention in policy-making or administrative matters can undermine parliamentary sovereignty, erode democratic decision-making, and create institutional tensions.

To prevent such overreach, there is an urgent need for a clearer demarcation of institutional roles and robust mechanisms that reinforce the separation of powers. The Indian Constitution provides for a system of checks and balances, wherein the legislature makes laws, the executive implements them, and the judiciary interprets and reviews their constitutionality.

Maintaining this balance is crucial for accountability, transparency, and the rule of law. Experts recommend that the judiciary adhere strictly to its interpretive role, avoid encroaching on legislative or executive functions, and exercise judicial restraint, especially in matters of public policy and governance. Additionally, greater judicial accountability and clear guidelines for interventions such as Public Interest Litigations (PILs) can help ensure that the courts act within their constitutional limits, preventing any one branch from becoming too powerful or unaccountable.Why no FIR in Justice Varma case, questions Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar | Latest News India - Hindustan Times

The Road Ahead: Judicial Reforms and Strengthening Democracy

Vice President Dhankhar’s statements have reignited a crucial national conversation on the role of the judiciary and the need for institutional reforms. His call for amending Article 145(3) to clarify judicial powers and for regulating the use of Article 142 reflects a broader demand for checks and balances within the judiciary itself. Experts and policymakers are now debating how to preserve judicial independence while ensuring accountability and preventing overreach.

The controversy over judicial overreach and recent allegations of misconduct have underscored the urgent need for transparent, robust mechanisms to investigate complaints against judges—without undermining the independence that is central to the judiciary’s role in a democracy. Currently, India’s system relies on a combination of constitutional safeguards and internal procedures, such as the in-house inquiry mechanism and the impeachment process. However, as recent high-profile cases like that of Justice Yashwant Verma have shown, these mechanisms are often criticized for their lack of transparency and effectiveness.

The in-house procedure, while designed to protect judicial independence, operates largely behind closed doors, with outcomes rarely disclosed to the public. Impeachment, meanwhile, is a politically fraught and cumbersome process that has never resulted in the removal of a sitting judge in India’s history, as it requires a two-thirds majority in both houses of Parliament and is vulnerable to political maneuvering or resignation by the judge before completion. Experts argue that while judicial immunity is essential to prevent undue influence, it should not become a shield against accountability, and reforms are needed to strike the right balance.

Strengthening India’s democratic institutions thus requires more than just respecting the separation of powers—it demands active cooperation, transparency, and mutual respect among the branches of government. Vice President Dhankhar’s warnings highlight that democracy thrives when each institution functions within its constitutional limits, upholds the rule of law, and remains answerable to the people.

This means not only reforming judicial accountability mechanisms, such as making asset disclosures mandatory and revisiting the process for investigating judges, but also fostering a culture of dialogue and collaboration between the judiciary, legislature, and executive. India’s experience demonstrates that effective democratic governance is built on checks and balances, continual institutional introspection, and a willingness to adapt. Only by embracing these principles can the country ensure that its democracy remains resilient, credible, and truly representative of the people’s will.

Conclusion: A Defining Moment for India’s Democracy

Vice President Jagdeep Dhankhar’s unprecedented critique of the Supreme Court’s recent actions marks a defining moment in India’s democratic discourse. His concerns about judicial overreach, lack of accountability, and erosion of the separation of powers strike at the core of constitutional governance. As India navigates this complex debate, the nation must strive to uphold the delicate balance between judicial independence and democratic accountability.

The coming months will be critical as lawmakers, jurists, and civil society engage in discussions on judicial reforms and the future of India’s constitutional democracy. Dhankhar’s call to action emphasizes that the strength of India’s democracy lies in the harmonious functioning of its institutions, each respecting the boundaries set by the Constitution. Only then can India ensure justice, fairness, and stability for generations to come.

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Also Read: BJP Search For UP Chief: Bold Move To Appoint an OBC Ahead of 2027 Elections

iPhone 17 Pro Max Expected to Launch in September 2025 with Groundbreaking Features

Aryapriya Singh
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iPhone 17 Pro Max Expected to Launch in September 2025 with Groundbreaking Features

As the countdown to September 2025 begins, Apple fans and tech enthusiasts across India are eagerly awaiting the launch of the highly anticipated iPhone 17 Pro Max. Expected to debut in early September, this flagship device is already creating waves in the tech community due to its rumored revolutionary upgrades in design, camera technology, and performance. With leaks and reports surfacing online, the iPhone 17 Pro Max is shaping up to be one of the most exciting and potentially game-changing smartphones of the year, promising to elevate Apple’s smartphone lineup to new heights. The anticipation is palpable, with many speculating that this device could redefine what users expect from premium smartphones, blending cutting-edge innovation with sleek aesthetics.

The upcoming iPhone 17 Pro Max is expected to feature a host of groundbreaking enhancements that could set new industry standards. From a stunning new titanium body to a periscope zoom camera capable of 10x optical zoom, Apple appears to be pushing the boundaries of mobile technology. The device is also rumored to come equipped with the powerful A19 Pro chip, offering unprecedented speed and efficiency, along with a ProMotion XDR display that promises immersive visuals. As the launch date approaches, the excitement continues to build, with leaks revealing details about the expected price, design, camera upgrades, and more, making the iPhone 17 Pro Max the most talked-about flagship of 2025.

iPhone 17 Pro concept renders

iPhone 17 Pro Max Launch Date and Expectations: The Big Reveal in September 2025

The Apple community has been abuzz with speculation about the launch date of the iPhone 17 Pro Max, with most reports indicating an official unveiling between September 11 and 13, 2025. Historically, Apple has held its fall event during this window, and industry insiders believe that this year will be no different. The event is expected to be streamed globally, with India being one of the key markets for the launch. Apple’s official announcement is yet to be made, but leaks from credible sources suggest that the iPhone 17 Pro Max will be the star of the show, showcasing the company’s latest innovations and design philosophy.

The launch event is anticipated to introduce not only the iPhone 17 Pro Max but also other models in the series, including the standard iPhone 17, iPhone 17 Air, and iPhone 17 Pro. The focus will likely be on the new design language, camera system, and performance upgrades. Industry experts believe that Apple’s September reveal will set the tone for the smartphone industry in 2025, with the iPhone 17 Pro Max leading the charge as the most advanced and feature-rich device in the lineup.

Design and Display: The Most Elegant and Durable iPhone Yet

Leaked images and renders suggest that the iPhone 17 Pro Max will feature a stunning new titanium body, making it lighter, stronger, and more premium than previous models. The device is expected to retain its large 6.9-inch display, now enhanced with a ProMotion 120Hz refresh rate for smoother scrolling and animations. Apple is also rumored to have introduced a new rectangular camera bar on the rear, replacing the traditional square bump, giving the phone a distinctive and modern look. The display is expected to feature an Always-On functionality, along with a brighter and more color-accurate Super Retina XDR panel, making it perfect for media consumption and gaming.

In addition to aesthetics, durability is a key focus. The new titanium frame is expected to provide better resistance to scratches and impacts, while the ceramic shield front cover will ensure enhanced drop protection. The design tweaks aim to make the iPhone 17 Pro Max not only visually stunning but also more resilient to everyday wear and tear, addressing one of the longstanding concerns of users.iPhone 17

Camera Innovations: The Most Advanced Photography System in an iPhone

The iPhone 17 Pro Max is set to revolutionize mobile photography with its expected triple 48-megapixel camera setup, a first for any iPhone. The new system will include a wide, ultra-wide, and a Tetraprism telephoto lens with 5x optical zoom, allowing users to capture stunning portraits, landscapes, and close-up shots with incredible detail. Rumors also suggest the inclusion of a periscope-style zoom, enabling up to 10x optical zoom, which will be a significant upgrade over previous models. Additionally, the device is expected to support 8K video recording, making it a powerhouse for professional videographers and content creators.

Apple is also likely to introduce advanced computational photography features, including improved Night mode, Deep Fusion, and Smart HDR, enhancing image quality in various lighting conditions. The front camera is rumored to be upgraded to 24MP, supporting better selfies and video calls. With these innovations, the iPhone 17 Pro Max aims to set new standards in mobile photography, appealing to both casual users and professional photographers alike.

Performance and Battery: Powering the Future with the A19 Pro Chip

Under the hood, the iPhone 17 Pro Max is expected to be powered by Apple’s latest A19 Pro chip, built on a 3nm process for unmatched speed and power efficiency. Paired with up to 12GB of RAM, this processor will enable seamless multitasking, gaming, and AI-driven tasks. The device is also rumored to feature a new vapor chamber cooling system, ensuring optimal thermal management during intensive use. This means users can expect faster app launches, smoother graphics, and longer-lasting performance without overheating.

Battery life is another key focus, with leaks indicating support for a next-generation battery that could provide all-day usage. The device is expected to support 35W fast charging, allowing users to recharge quickly, along with 15W wireless charging. Apple may also introduce a new MagSafe ecosystem, further enhancing wireless charging and accessory compatibility. These enhancements aim to deliver a power-packed experience, making the iPhone 17 Pro Max a true flagship device that can handle the demands of modern users.

Expected Price in India and Global Markets: The Premium Tag

While Apple has yet to officially announce the pricing, leaks and industry insiders suggest that the iPhone 17 Pro Max will start at approximately Rs 1,69,990 in India, aligning with previous flagship launches. In the United States, the device is expected to retail around $1,199, while in Dubai and other markets, the price is projected to be AED 5,099 or similar. The premium price reflects the device’s advanced features, innovative design, and cutting-edge technology.

The display is also expected to receive significant enhancements, with the iPhone 17 Pro Max featuring a large 6.9-inch LTPO OLED display with ultra-thin bezels and potentially higher peak brightness. The screen may also incorporate a new anti-reflective coating and could be more scratch-resistant than the current Ceramic Shield technology.

Storage options are expanding as well, with the iPhone 17 Pro Max potentially offering options up to 2TB1, which would be double the maximum capacity currently available. This increased storage would be particularly valuable for users who capture large amounts of high-resolution photos and 8K videos.

External factors may also contribute to the price increase. A potential 10% tariff on Chinese imports could further impact pricing, potentially making the iPhone 17 lineup the most expensive in Apple’s history1.

Apple’s pricing strategy clearly targets high-end consumers and tech enthusiasts who are willing to pay a premium for cutting-edge technology. The expected price points across different markets reflect this premium positioning:

  • USA: $1,199-$1,399 (with higher prices for increased storage)

  • India: ₹1,44,900-₹1,69,990

  • Dubai: AED 5,099

  • Canada: CA$ 1,449

The iPhone 17 Pro Max is expected to launch between September 11-13, 2025, alongside other models in the iPhone 17 lineup. Despite the anticipated price increase, the device’s advanced features, including the redesigned camera module, powerful performance capabilities, and premium design elements are likely to maintain strong demand among Apple enthusiasts and those seeking the most advanced mobile experience available.

Conclusion: The Future of Smartphones Begins in September 2025

The anticipation surrounding the iPhone 17 Pro Max is reaching a fever pitch as leaks continue to reveal tantalizing details about Apple’s next flagship device. With September 2025 just months away, tech enthusiasts across India and globally are eagerly analyzing every rumor and report about the upcoming smartphone. The device is expected to feature a complete redesign, moving away from the titanium frame of previous Pro models to a new aluminum chassis with a unique glass and aluminum back.

Perhaps most exciting is the camera system overhaul, with leaks suggesting the iPhone 17 Pro Max will be the first iPhone to feature an all-48MP rear camera array, including a 48MP telephoto lens alongside the main and ultra-wide sensors. This revolutionary camera setup is further enhanced by a rumored mechanical aperture for portrait mode and the possibility of 8K video recording capabilities, positioning it as a potential game-changer for mobile photography and videography.

Beyond its exterior and imaging capabilities, the iPhone 17 Pro Max promises significant performance upgrades that could redefine smartphone capabilities. The device is expected to be powered by Apple’s A19 Pro chip built on an advanced 3-nanometer process, paired with 12GB of RAM—a substantial increase from the 8GB found in current models.

This combination should deliver unprecedented processing power and multitasking abilities. Other notable innovations include a slimmer Dynamic Island thanks to smaller “metalens” technology for Face ID, an upgraded 24MP front-facing camera (doubling the resolution of current models), and the potential introduction of under-display Face ID technology. Additionally, the device may feature an in-house Wi-Fi 7 chip for faster wireless speeds and lower latency, as well as 7.5W reverse wireless charging capabilities for powering accessories. As September approaches, consumers and critics alike are eager to see if Apple will deliver on these promises and cement the iPhone 17 Pro Max as a defining device in mobile technology evolution.

Follow: Apple Official Site

Also Read: Motorola Edge 60 Stylus Unleashes 7 AI Superpowers: A Game-Changer for Creative India

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