For the first time since 2016, armed opposition forces have entered Aleppo, Syria’s largest city, marking a significant escalation in the nation’s long-standing civil war. This offensive, led by the rebel coalition Military Operations Command, highlights the fragile stability under President Bashar al-Assad’s regime. Over 200 people have died in the clashes, including civilians, according to reports from humanitarian organizations.
Background on the Conflict
Aleppo, recaptured by government forces with Russian support in 2016, had symbolized Assad’s military dominance. However, this new attack underscores the enduring divisions in Syria, where about 30% of the territory remains outside government control, managed by a mix of rebels and foreign troops. The Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS), a group linked to al-Qaeda, has played a prominent role in this offensive, signaling renewed strength among opposition factions.
Implications of the Offensive
The rebel advance has caused significant shifts on the ground:
– Strategic Gains: Rebels seized key locations, including the Military Scientific Research Center in Aleppo, and forced government troops to retreat from parts of the city.
– Civilian Impact: Artillery strikes and air raids have killed several civilians, while opposition groups deny responsibility for some of the attacks attributed to them.
This resurgence comes amidst heightened geopolitical tensions in the Middle East, particularly with ongoing conflicts involving Israel, Hezbollah, and Iran. Analysts suggest that these regional dynamics might have indirectly influenced the timing and intensity of the rebel assault.
Challenges for Assad
The offensive represents a critical test for President Assad’s ability to maintain control. With international players like the United States, Turkey, and Iran deeply involved in Syria’s fragmented landscape, a prolonged conflict could destabilize the regime further. Iran has accused the U.S. and Israel of bolstering rebel efforts, complicating Assad’s position both domestically and internationally.
This development threatens to reignite broader conflicts in Syria, making it a focal point in the already volatile Middle East. For now, the situation remains fluid, with both sides claiming control over various parts of Aleppo.
